Business Proposal for a Restaurant Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business for a Restaurant - Research Proposal Example One of the objectives that the business looks to accomplish its development in the following two to four years. Extra administrations like convenience will be accessible to the clients. At the point when another café enters the market, it is relied upon to make enough benefit that can back the foreseen extension. The café will, consequently, execute effective business the executives systems. Strategic business spending will be the thing to take care of in this proposed undertaking. A sole owner will claim the business. The business visionary has picked this possession due to its effortlessness. There is no sharing of the considerable number of benefits from the business. The benefits could then be utilized to extend the business quickly. It is likewise simple to change the legitimate structure of the business. On the off chance that the business grows, it can run as a constrained obligation organization. The business will be situated in the environmental factors of Detroit City sin ce it has an enormous customer base. A portion of the potential clients who as of now exist in the city incorporate adolescents working in various organizations, undergrads, and moderately aged individuals. Larger part of these potential clients need more an ideal opportunity to cook for themselves during the day. These potential clients are eager to burn through cash on snacks, inexpensive food, ethnic food, and solace food. There is a test of value affectability among the expected clients. At the point when food costs go up, they will in general lean toward cooking for themselves as opposed to purchasing from eateries. The common clients focused on are individuals matured 20 to 49 years.

Intergovernmental Organisations Essay

an) Explain how enrollment of intergovernmental associations gives a few nations political and monetary force. (10) Being an individual from intergovernmental associations gives a few nations political and monetary force. Like figure 4 shows, the USA is a piece of numerous intergovernmental associations and they have the status of a superpower appearing there are away from of being a piece of IGOs. In any case, some may contend that nations, for example, China and India are ascending in both political and financial force yet like figure 4 shows, they are scarcely part of the main IGOs. In this way, participation of intergovernmental associations gives a few nations political and monetary advantages however there is proof to show that not being separated of an IGO despite everything considers improvement in a nations riches and political position. Financially, being a piece of the World Trade Organization like many driving superpowers are (for instance, the UK and the USA) allows for these driving nations to have impact in exchange choices. This implies they can profit financial choices to suit themselves. For instance, the USA can abuse LDC’s, for example, Bangladesh by taking more imports at a more affordable cost. Besides, being an individual from the International Monetary Fund implies that nations have the democratic capacity to impact the financial arrangements of different nations. Hence these nations can make inviting strategies towards TNCs that are situated in their own nation, significantly profiting their own riches. Also, being separated of the EU and NATO in which huge numbers of the nations that are a piece of numerous IGOs are a piece of have exchange alliances which can provide food for the assurance of key markets and still assistance intraregional exchange. In this way it seems that financial intensity of a nation improves with the assistance of being a piece of IGOs, for example, the World Trade Organization.

Treatment Options for Alcoholism

Treatment Options for Alcoholism Addiction Alcohol Use Print Treatment Options for Alcoholism There Is No Medical Cure for Alcoholism By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 04, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 16, 2019 PhotoAlto / Odilon Dimier / Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Alcoholism is a treatable disease and many treatment programs and approaches are available to support alcoholics who have decided to get help, but no medical cure is available. Regardless of how someone is diagnosed as alcohol dependent or how they came to realize they have a serious drinking problem, the first step to treatment is a sincere desire to get help. Alcoholics who are pressured into treatment by social pressures or forced to quit by circumstances rarely succeed in the long run. Even many alcoholics who seek treatment on their own volition have at least one relapse before they obtain long-term sobriety. For those alcoholics who have a strong motivation to quit, a relapse can be just a bump in the road to recovery, but for those less committed, it can be an excuse to return to a drinking lifestyle. Alcohol Withdrawal Almost all alcoholics who have been chronic, heavy drinkers will experience some level of withdrawal symptoms when they suddenly stop drinking. These symptoms can range from mild shakes and discomfort to life-threatening delirium tremens -- which can include confusion, hallucinations, convulsions, autonomic instability, and death. Long-time, heavy drinkers who decide to quit drinking should seek medical assistance first. Approximately 95 percent of alcoholics experience mild to moderate withdrawal symptoms that can be treated by health-care providers on an outpatient basis, but five percent experience severe withdrawals and should be treated in a hospital or a facility that specializes in detoxification. Detoxification treatment  includes abstinence from alcohol in a controlled environment and close monitoring of vital signs and any withdrawal symptoms. In some cases, detox treatment can also include administering benzodiazepines (tranquilizers such as Valium, Librium, Ativan or Serax). The tranquilizers help reduce the shakes and other unpleasant symptoms during early alcohol withdrawal. Alcohol Rehab and Treatment Facilities The process of detoxification from alcohol takes three to seven days, after which the alcoholics dependency on alcohol is primarily psychological, rather than physical or chemical. The goal after detox is to prevent a relapse of excessive drinking. Thousands of facilities in the United States offer alcohol and drug rehabilitation and treatment services, ranging from short-term residential or in-patient hospitalization to long-term, outpatient counseling, and therapy. The goal of these facilities is to help the alcoholic learn how to remain sober and resist the urge to drink. For many addicts and alcoholics, getting clean and sober is just the first step in a process to try to rebuild their lives. Professional treatment programs try to teach them the skills to return to a happy, productive life. Pharmaceutical Treatment for Alcoholism Although there is no magic pill that will cure alcoholism, there are medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration that are used to help people who have stopped drinking to remain sober. Currently, three medications  are approved in the U.S. for the treatment of alcoholism. 3 Approved Medications Antabuse (Disulfiram) works as a deterrent against drinking by making the person sick if they consume any alcohol.Naltrexone (Revia) blocks the effects of alcohol in the brain and reduces alcohol craving.Acamprosate (Campral) relieves the distress and discomfort alcoholics experience when they stop drinking. Again, pharmaceutical treatments work best when the alcoholic has a sincere desire to quit. For those who are committed to remaining sober, medications can give them the extra help they need to avoid relapse. Alcoholism Support Groups One of the oldest and most well-known treatments for alcoholism is Alcoholics Anonymous, a fellowship of men and women who share their experience, strength, and hope with each other to solve their common problem and help others to recover from alcoholism. Participation in A.A. is free. Scientific research has shown that participation in support groups, combined with other treatment efforts, is more effective in helping alcoholics remain sober than participating in treatment by itself. For those who do not prefer the 12-step approach, there are other secular support groups  available. The fellowship and accountability that mutual support groups provide have helped many with a desire to quit drinking establish and maintain a clean and sober lifestyle.

Forte of the Fool Essay - 513 Words

Feste is Olivias professional jester, or fool. He receives payment to entertain, sing, and make satirical observations. This license allows him to freely speak his opinion. In Shakespeares Twelfth Night, there is certainly no shortage of Festes opinion. The fool easily assesses the faults, idiocy, and disguises of all those around him. It is through his insightful interpretation of the characters that we are able to understand that the fool is more than likely the most intelligent person within the play. Feste not only accepts his title of fool despite his brilliance, he embraces it. From Festes first appearance, he demonstrates his intellect over Olivia by expressing to her how foolish it is to mourn for your†¦show more content†¦This admission reveals Festes quest by revealing his fear. Cesario/Viola is more like Feste than he wants to believe. They are both pretending to be something that they are not, while they both see the other for what they truly are. He knows she is not a man, and she realizes that he is no fool. This fellow is wise enough to play the fool, and to do that well craves a kind of wit (3.1.59-60). Festes dislike of Cesario can be explained one of two ways. He either fears that she will out him for what he is, the smartest man in the room, or the adage, you look in the mirror and dont like what you see applies. It is conceivable that they both apply, but either way it is apparent that Feste enjoys being able to go anywhere and say anything without restriction, and he feels Cesario threatens that independence. Although, another interesting conclusion could be that he has Olivias best interest at heart. One may argue that Festes contempt of Cesario stems from his desire to protect Olivia from certain heartbreak. There is every indication that he does admire Olivia, but is it her, or his position as her court jester that he is protecting. It is certainly in his best interest to maintain a happy home, and the humiliation of Olivia will definitely come with consequences. It is conceivable that a combination of adoration and self-preservation motivates Feste, but to know for sure would be toShow MoreRelatedLed Zeppelin Essay1463 Words   |  6 Pagesfading out; the homophonic track grinds to a halt with a tinkling of John Paul Jones’ electric piano played mezzo forte. The version of Fool In The Rain, played in major key show this composition nearing its completed verse and chorus mix. Some of the studio banter retained from Polar demonstrates the fun atmosphere that the four were working in. The beginning of Fool In The Rain, is forte, after Page counts in â€Å"two, three† Plant wades in with a â€Å"quatro!† giving this song its allegretto quadruple meterRead MoreAnalysis Of Hewlett Packard And Dell Packard Enterprise1159 Words   |  5 Pageswould be giving each respective company its best chance of thriving. 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Slavery has been around since the beginning of time- even in the times Christ walked this earth, there wasRead More Mildred Pierce - A Woman’s Place is in the Kitchen Essay1100 Words   |  5 Pagesthe time. During 1930’s not many woman were running businesses like Mildred. I’m assuming not even five percent of woman population were concerned with outside business back then, unlike today. It should be obvious by now th at Mildred has effective forte and ability to run a business, a business that she is good in, cooking. Another attitude that should stick out by now is her hardworking spirit. Without this not much can be accomplished. A woman must do the best job she can at the most honorableRead MoreHesiods Theogony And Genesis Essay1390 Words   |  6 PagesGenesis. Both illustrate the â€Å"beginning† from two different approaches; yet, still sharing many similarities. Available evidence suggests that gods(goddesses) and God are, in fact, not omnipotent especially at gaining â€Å"power† despite their astonishing fortes. Their desires and limited faculties ultimately lead the world into a disarrayed predicament. Gods and goddesses use different methods of obtaining power; those in Theogony primarily focused on cooperation and coalition, while God in Genesis emphasizesRead MoreCosà ¬ Fan Tutte Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pagesdynamics mimicking the officers’ laughter and amusement. Similarly, Despina, the sisters’ chambermaid, is one of the opera’s funniest personas as all she does is complain about her work and dress up in disguises in various circumstances in order to fool the sisters. The music is usually accented and dance-like whenever she makes an appearance on stage, with contrasts between an upbeat, quicker tempo with short notes and then a slower tempo with long, drawn-out notes. In her aria, Una donna a quindiciRead MoreOnline Gambling On North American Shores1554 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween the two companies means that 1X2Games now has access to the publisher’s comic back catalogue for game creation purposes. What is surprising most is the fact that 1X2Gaming aren’t really known for their online casino exploits, with their forte being sportsbook. They are an innovator of Virtual Football betting, providing online football betting to players 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. But as the sports arm of the business has taken off, the online casino sector of the business has beenRead MoreMoonlight Sonata1824 Words   |  8 Pageshim. He adds some bass and percussion; these really make the piece much more jazzy and light-hearted. He keeps the melody the same but he uses a lot of syncopation and plays staccato-ed notes on off beats. They melody may stay the same but he fools around with the harmonic background. Instead of playing a slow triad, he plays the background in double time and plays six notes in the harmony where Beethoven plays only three. This makes the piece sound like a song people would dance to, and givesRead MorePredictable Crises of Adulthood by Gail Sheehy2808 Words   |  12 Pageswhatever constancy of self we have thus far assembled. The first test structure must be erected around the life we choose to try. One young man with vague aspirations of having his own creative enterprise, for instance, wasnt sure if his forte would be photography or cabinetmaking or architecture. There was no sponsor in sight; his parents worked for the telephone company. So he took a job with Ma Bell. He married and together with his wife decided to postpone children indefinitely. OnceRead MoreThe Iraq War1926 Words   |  8 Pagesmedia depicted the Iraq War, and to identify possible reasons for their methods. Among the mainstream media corporations that were reporting on the war, Fox News was one whose ratings increased exponentially at that time, despite war news being CNN’s forte. Fox News, owned by Rupert Murdoch who is a strong supporter of the war, is a media outlet that became so popular at that point of time that it began to influence the news coverage of other media outlets, which led to it being hailed as a phenomenon

Impact Of Household Credit On Education - 953 Words

Doan, D., Gibson, J., Holmes, M. (2014). Impact of Household Credit on Education and Healthcare Spending by the Poor in Peri-Urban Areas, Vietnam. Journal of Southeast Asian Economies, 31(1), 87-103. The authors of this article are affiliated with the University of Waikato in New Zealand (The University of Waikato, n.d.). Tinh Doan was a PhD student at the university for three years, between 2007 and 2010, who studied the impact of microfinance on human capital formation (Doan, n.d.). In the past four years, he has published ten articles that relate to Vietnam and how their economy is influenced by a multitude of factors, including import competition, productivity spillover, and employee benefits (Doan, n.d.). The other two men, John†¦show more content†¦The article uses a statistical test, Propensity Score Matching (PSM), with a control group of 107 households, who does not receive any financial support, and a treatment group of 304 households, who receive financial support from any type of formal lender. The PSM matches the control group family to the treatment group family by identifying their similarities. In order to be matched, each family must have similar observa ble characteristics/factors which includes an income that falls below the poverty line of VND6 million (Doan et al., 2014). The most relevant aspect of this idea is that it shows the correlation between families who formal receive micro-credit and those who do not. The authors found that the families who received micro-credit spent about VND81,000-99,000 more on education and VND93,000 more on health care (Doan et al., 2014). There is evidence, at the 5 percent confidence level, which shows that the impact is significant. Therefore, families in peri-urban Vietnam, who receive a formal micro-credit loan, are more inclined to spend money on health care and education. I can use this to show that microcredit does alter how families spend their money. This article uses a quantitative method to show impact. Doan offers an example of a flaw in their method resulting from selection bias if the correlation between matched houses occurs due to the unobservable

Island of the Blue Dolphins Free Essays

Island Of The Blue Dolphins I believe that Karana should have jumped rather than stayed on the boat. I think this because it shows her love for her brother, secondly she does it because she feels like she has to protect her younger brother and lastly it is an unselfish act to do. Firstly, Karana should jump because it shows she loves her brother. We will write a custom essay sample on Island of the Blue Dolphins or any similar topic only for you Order Now The thought going through her mind was that she should jump for your younger brother. The love that Karana and her younger brother had for one another should make her jump. For example in a situation like Karana’s it is the right thing to go back for her little brother, Karana was going through painful thoughts like the thoughts that her little brother may die. This would make anyone jump. Secondly, she does this because she feels the need to protect her younger brother. Karana is the type of person who would do anything if she had a older or younger sibling in danger or wounded. So in this type of situation in which her younger brother needs a big sisters help, Karana would be doing anything possible to get to her little brother like jumping off the boat. I felt as if I had been gone a long time as I stood there looking down from the high rock. I was happy to be home. Everything I saw- the otter playing in the kelp, the rings of foam around the rocks guarding the harbour, the gulls flying, the tides moving past the sandpit filled me with happiness. A qoute from the novel. (Scott O’Dell) Finally, it was an unselfish act towards her brother. Because if Karana did not have jumped her younger brother would’ve felt useless with nothing to live for and unfortunately killed himself. Even if Karana hadn’t of jumped she would have felt selfish and she would have lost all the love and sympathy that her brother had for her. The love that they had for each other drove Karana to do the most unselfish and Christian act that any human would be able to do. In conclusion, Karana did what was best for her and everyone else. It must have been one of the hardest choices any person could ever make but in Karana made the best of choices. This shows the courage and ability Karana had to do to be able to save and be with her younger brother. A Matter of Life or Death Mrs Hicks EN505 Matt Oakford Week 5-Week 8 How to cite Island of the Blue Dolphins, Essay examples

Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis. Answer: Introduction: SPE sample configuration approach is widely utilized in the discipline of forensic toxicology and drug analysis and effectively supersedes other conventional sampling techniques (including liquid-liquid extraction)(1). SPE method continues to benefit the research analysis due to its reduced cost, limited error sources, reduced procedure steps and operation time and utilization of smaller amount of solvent. SPE intervention effectively utilizes the evidence-based approaches including clean-up, purification, concentration and isolation in a versatile manner for retrieving the desirable outcomes(1). The sustained enhancement of stationary phases with appropriate columns is the preliminary cause of the selection of SPE method over LLE (liquid-liquid extraction) intervention(2). SPE intervention is comparatively a faster method that facilitates the systematic tracking of numerous drugs that remained unexplored by the conventional LLE modality(2). Evidence-based research literature reveals the elevated potential of d-SPE (dispersive solid phase extraction) process in terms of evaluating the existence of 13 cytostatic drugs through urine sampling. The high sensitivity of SPE intervention in terms of tracking the drug traces with the lowest quantification limit makes this approach as a preferred diagnostic modality requiring deployment in undertaking forensic drug analysis(3). The analysis by(4) indicates the elevated efficiency of SSE method (in comparison to the routine LLE approach) in evaluating the pattern of urinary morphine. The research intervention by (5)indicates the effectiveness of LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) and solid-phase extraction interventions in terms of attaining sensitive, precise, accurate and rapid resolution of various drugs metabolites in the human urine. Evidence-based analysis by(6) rationally indicates the potential of concomitant utilization of SPE and capillary electrophoresis modalities in terms of evaluating the pattern of drug abuse through urine sample analysis of the drug abusers. The research investigation by (7)reveals the applicability of SPE procedure in term of systematically recovering diuretics at a higher yield. However, the specificity of this intervention is based on the selection of matrix, pre-activated columns and urine sample composition. This research intervention systematically explored the specificity and sensitivity of SPE intervention (as compared to LLE modality) in identifying the pattern of drug traces in human urine samples. The stock preparation was performed with the systematic utilization of the following ingredients. 100ul of 100ug/mL morphine 3-glucuronide (calibrator stock solution) 100ul of 100ug/mL morphine 6-glucuronide (calibratorstock solution) 100ul of 100ug/ml morphine (calibrator stock solution) The above-mentioned ingredients were serially incorporated in a screw top test tube (of 10ml capacity and plastic configuration). Subsequently, the volume configuration of 10ml was acquired with the addition of methanol. The lab technician replaced the tip of micropipette while contacting it to different solutions with the objective of reducing the scope of contamination. The tube inversion was eventually undertaken several times with the objective of ascertaining adequate mixing of the desirable solution. The urine sample of 500ul was prepared in a 10mL test tube (10ml-plastic screw cap type) with the utilization of a micropipette. The following ingredients were subsequently added in the test tube in accordance with the laboratory conventions. Internal standard (100uL) [i.e. 1ug.ml morphine-d3 in HCl] 1N HCl (1ml) Methanol (10uL) The above-mentioned ingredients were sequentially whirled and vortexed for a duration of one minute. The replacement of the micropipette tips was performed during the systematic preparation of the solutions for reducing the scope of contamination. The freshly labelled plastic screw top (10ml test tube) was utilized for holding the blank urinefollowing its systematic transfer through micropipette (50ul). The following ingredients were subsequently incorporated in the same test tube prior to its 1-min whirling process. mlmorphine-d3 in HCl (100ul internal standard) 1N HCl (1ml) Stock preparation (10uL) The lab technician replaced the micropipette tip while preparing each solution for avoiding contamination. Both configured test tubes were eventually centrifuged at a speed of 3000rpm, for duration of 5 minutes and at 4c temperature. The vacuum manifold rack was utilized for placing both screw top plastic test tubes (10ml each) with the objective of collecting the waste. The waste tubes prepared the ground for setting the taps required for fixating the sample preparation extraction cartridges. The following cartridges were systematically utilized during the process of solid phase extraction. MCX3cc cartridge, OASIS Waters corporation, Milford, Massachusetts USA 1-ml methanol and 0.1N HCl were subsequently utilized for washing the cartridges. The washing process was undertaken for reducing the scope of dryness of the cartridges. The tap was eventually closed while leaving minimal volume of liquid. The addition of the urine sample to the first cartridge was performed after undertaking the process of centrifugation. The urine sample was instilled in a manner to leave a small amount of the same in the cartridge. The sample of blank urine and stock was then incorporated in the second cartridge while replicating the same process. The micropipette was then utilized for incorporating 0.1N HCl (2ml wash) in cartridges. The sample was again run in a manner for leaving minimal volume in the context of reducing the scope of cartridge dryness. The entire waste was discarded after collecting the same in test tubes (10ml each). A vacuum manifold was utilized for drying the samples at 10mm Hg pressure. The vacuum manifold taps remained accessible for 2 min utes during sample drying. The consistency of pressure was noticed during the entire length of the drying time. Subsequently, both columns were incorporated with 2ml of 5% ammonium hydroxide (menthol base) after the process of drying. The glass test tubes failed to adjust with the vacuum manifold and therefore, plastic test tubes (10ml) were utilized for the eventual running of elute. Post Laboratory Findings The laboratory analysis revealed that the weaker solvent passed through the tube under the influence of analyte and the stronger solvent survived in the tube for a longer term (as evident with the elevated retention time peak). The first two urine samples initially displayed elevation in the analyte peak height and area. However, the third sample displayed reduced peak height during the initial phase followed by an abrupt elevation in the analyte peak height and area. Accordingly, the analyte retention time in the initial two samples wascomparatively less than the analyte retention time in the third urine sample. The analyte peak area and peak height in the first blank urine sample were recorded as the highest in comparison to the other two blank urine samples. Similarly, the analyte retention time in the initial blank urine sample was found to be less in comparison to the analyte retention time in other two urine samples. The IS peak areas and heights in the three samples exhibited the same pattern of variation in comparison to the standardized benchmarks. However, the IS retention time appeared consistent in accordance with the standardized benchmarks in all the three samples. The elevation in analyte peak heights in the samples indicates their elevated purity values(8). The enhancement of analyte peak areas in the samples under the minimum influence of matrix effects indicates the high sensitivity of SPE intervention in tracking the drug traces in the evaluated urine samples(9). The pattern of consistency in the analytes retention times in the three samples indicated the potential of SPE i ntervention in terms of detecting small concentrations of various drugs particles under standard conditions(10). Conclusion The presented laboratory intervention attempted to explore the potential of SPE modality in terms of detecting the quantity of drug traces in three samples of human urine. The recorded variation in the analyte peak area/height/retention time and IS peak area/height/retention time evidentially indicate the elevated affinity of SPE method for the drugs of abuse in the matrix of human urine. This affirms the high precision of SPE approach (in comparison to LLE intervention) in terms of identifying the drugs of intertest in human urine samples with the systematic utilization of mixed mode cartridges. The systematic handling process and precise outcomes make the SPE modality as a preferred laboratory intervention requiring administration for evaluating the pattern of drug abuse during forensic investigation. References tles S, Kartal C. Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE): Principles and Applications in Food Samples. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria. 2016; 15(1): p. 5-15. Juhascik MP, Jenkins AJ. Comparison of liquid/liquid and solid-phase extraction for alkaline drugs. Journal of Chromatographic Science. 2009; 47(4): p. 553-557. Fabrizi G, Fioretti M, Mainero RL. Biomedical Chromatography. Dispersive solid-phase extraction procedure coupled to UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis for the simultaneous determination of thirteen cytotoxic drugs in human urine. 2016; 30(8): p. 1297-1308. Ahadi A, Partoazar A, Abedi-Khorasgani MH, Shetab-Boushehrid SV. Comparison of liquid-liquid extraction-thin layer chromatography with solid-phase extraction-high-performance thin layer chromatography in detection of urinary morphine. The Journal of Biomedical Research. 2011; 25(5): p. 362-367. Chimalakonda KC, Moran CL, Kennedy PD, Endres GW, Uzieblo A, Dobrowolski PJ, et al. Solid-phase extraction and quantitative measurement of omega and omega-1 metabolites of JWH-018 and JWH-073 in human urine. Analytical Chemistry. 2011; 83(16): p. 6381-6388. Baciu T, Borrull F, Neus C, Aguilar C, Calul M. Capillary electrophoresis combined in-line with solid-phase extraction using magnetic particles as new adsorbents for the determination of drugs of abuse in human urine. Electrophoresis. 2016; 37(9): p. 1232-1244. Cadwallader AB, Torre Xdl, Tieri A, Botr F. The abuse of diuretics as performance-enhancing drugs and masking agents in sport doping: pharmacology, toxicology and analysis. British Journal of Pharmacology. 2010; 161(1): p. 1-16. Hays PA, Thompson RA. A processing method enabling the use of peak height for accurate and precise proton NMR quantitation. Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry. 2009; 47(10): p. 819-824. Fanng N, Yu S, Ronis MJJ, Badger TM. Matrix effects break the LC behavior rule for analytes in LC-MS/MS analysis of biological samples. Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2015; 240(4): p. 488-497. Mochamad L, Hermanto B. High-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet-photodiode array detection method for aflatoxin B1 in cattle feed supplements. Veterinary World. 2017; 8(932-938): p. 10.

Adult Children of Alcoholics free essay sample

Definition, prevalence, effects (behavioral, emotional, psychological, social, interpersonal), treatment (focusing on Murray Bowens dysfunctional family systems therapy its limitations). Why cant I hold a job? Keep a husband? And why is life so miserable? What is wrong with me? Jeanie married seven times and lived with a couple of men. She could not hold a job. It seemed life was either up or constantly down. Jeannie is an adult child of an alcoholic. Adult children of alcoholics have many problems in life, at work, at home, in marriage, and with their own children. Adult children of alcoholics (ACOA) often will choose abusive partners and stay in abusive relationships. Dr. Janet Geringer-Woititz describes the characteristics of an adult child of an alcoholic. Some of the personality types that in homes of ACOA are: the family hero, the rescuer, the mascot, the adjuster, the rebel, the doormat, the bully, the lost child, and the last hope. We will write a custom essay sample on Adult Children of Alcoholics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Adult children of alcoholics do not find life normal as they grow and become adults nor are their lives normal as adults.

Biography of Civil Rights Activist James Weldon Johnson

Biography of Civil Rights Activist James Weldon Johnson James Weldon Johnson, an esteemed member of the Harlem Renaissance, was determined to help change lives for African-Americans through his work as a civil rights activist, writer and educator. In the preface of Johnson’s autobiography, Along This Way, literary critic Carl Van Doren describes Johnson as â€Å"†¦an alchemist- he transformed baser metals into gold†(X). Throughout his career as a writer and an activist, Johnson consistently proved his ability to uplift and support African-Americans in their quest for equality. Family at a Glance Father: James Johnson Sr., - HeadwaiterMother: Helen Louise Dillet - First female African-American teacher in FloridaSiblings: One sister and a brother, John Rosamond Johnson – Musician and songwriterWife: Grace Nail – New Yorker and daughter of wealthy African-American real estate developer Early Life and Education Johnson was born in Jacksonville, Florida, on June 17, 1871. At an early age, Johnson showed great interest in reading and music. He graduated from the Stanton School at the age of 16. While attending Atlanta University, Johnson honed his skills as a public speaker, writer and educator. Johnson taught for two summers in a rural area of Georgia while attending college. These summer experiences helped Johnson realize how poverty and racism affected many African-Americans. Graduating in 1894 at the age of 23, Johnson returned to Jacksonville to become principal of the Stanton School. Early Career: Educator, Publisher, and Lawyer While working as a principal, Johnson established the Daily American, a newspaper dedicated to informing African-Americans in Jacksonville of various social and political issues of concern. However, the lack of editorial staff, as well as financial troubles, forced Johnson to stop publishing the newspaper. Johnson continued in his role as principal of the Stanton School and expanded the institution’s academic program to  ninth and tenth grades. At the same time, Johnson began studying law. He passed the bar exam in 1897 and became the first African-American to be admitted to the Florida Bar since the Reconstruction. Songwriter While spending the summer of 1899 in New York City, Johnson began collaborating with his brother, Rosamond, to write music. The brothers sold their first song, â€Å"Louisiana Lize.† The brothers returned to Jacksonville and wrote their most famous song, â€Å"Lift Every Voice and Sing,† in 1900. Originally written in celebration of Abraham Lincoln’s birthday, various African-American groups throughout the country found inspiration in the song’s words and used it for special events. By 1915, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) proclaimed that â€Å"Lift Every Voice and Sing† was the Negro National Anthem. The brothers followed their early songwriting successes with â€Å"Nobody’s Lookin’ but de Owl and de Moon† in 1901. By 1902, the brothers officially relocated to New York City and worked with fellow musician and songwriter, Bob Cole. The trio wrote songs such as â€Å"Under the Bamboo Tree† in 1902 and 1903’s â€Å"Congo Love Song.† Diplomat, Writer and Activist Johnson served as United States counsel to Venezuela from 1906 to 1912. During this time Johnson published his first novel, The Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man. Johnson published the novel anonymously, but rereleased the novel in 1927 using his name. Returning to the United States, Johnson became an editorial writer for the African-American newspaper, New York Age. Through his current affairs column, Johnson developed arguments for an end to racism and inequality. In 1916, Johnson became field secretary for the NAACP, organizing mass demonstrations against Jim Crow Era laws,  racism and violence. He also increased the NAACP’s membership rolls in southern states, an action that would set the stage for the Civil Rights Movement decades later. Johnson retired from his daily duties with the NAACP in 1930 but remained an active member of the organization. Throughout his career as a diplomat, journalist and civil rights activist, Johnson continued to use his creativity to explore various themes in African-American culture. In 1917, for instance, he published his first collection of poetry, Fifty Years and Other Poems. In 1927, he published God’s Trombones: Seven Negro Sermons in Verse. Next, Johnson turned to nonfiction in 1930 with the publication of Black Manhattan, a history of African-American life in New York. Finally, he published his autobiography, Along This Way, in 1933. The autobiography was the first personal narrative written by an African-American to be reviewed in The New York Times. Harlem Renaissance Supporter and Anthologist While working for the NAACP, Johnson realized that an artistic movement was blossoming in Harlem. Johnson published the anthology, The Book of American Negro Poetry, with an Essay on the Negro’s Creative Genius in 1922, featuring work by writers such as Countee Cullen, Langston Hughes and Claude McKay. To document the importance of African-American music, Johnson worked with his brother to edit anthologies such as The Book of American Negro Spirituals in 1925 and The Second Book of Negro Spirituals in 1926. Death Johnson died on June 26, 1938, in Maine, when a train struck his car.

Future IT trends Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Future IT trends - Essay Example I have divided my explanation into two large segments, which first describe the importance of the concept and second describe the roles of the concept. I discover that E-Business and E-Commerce have significant and increasing importance toward local and global business and their roles are receiving tremendous support from various private and government entities throughout the world and continue to grow. Within my line of work, you could say that I have great needs over the internet. It is my real-time business communication tool, my promotional utility, my library and even my personal advisor. Today, the internet has been an inseparable part of business. Most of us have heard the terms E-Business and E-commerce. But to what extent do we understand the concept and its role to the business community In my previous study of the subject, I discovered that I know a lot less then I had believed. Within this essay, I will describe how I learn about E-Business and E-Commerce and their role within the world of business. As I surf down the internet, I found that E-Business and E-Commerce are actually parts of the concept 'Information Technology'. The term information technology generally refers to the hardware and software used to store, retrieve and manipulate information. It is an operating system that generally consist of servers, databases, web serving software ('Definition of information technology', 2005). Both terms (E-Business and E-Commerce), are likely to be mixed-up and used interchangeably over everyday conversations, while in fact, the term E-Business has a slight broader meaning than E-Commerce. E-Commerce refers to the activities of buying and selling products or services trough the internet. E-Business, on the other hand, refers to the conduct of business on the internet, which consist of not only buying selling, but also servicing customers and collaborating with business partners ('E-Business Definition', 2005). Next, I will describe what I have learned from various sources of information. The elaboration would describe how the world of business admits the growing importance of E-Business and E-Commerce, and also include discussion of several roles of E-Business and E-Commerce in local as well as global business environments. II. The Importance of E-Business and E-Commerce II.1 Choice of Embarking on E-Business My basic understanding of why people are embarking on the E-Business can be elaborated trough these corporate websites. In its webpage, Solutions Consultant describes, that the choice of having a company website or not is not a technology decision. It is a business decision. The decision is a strategic management movement to ensure future development of a company ('E-Business Overview', 2004). There are actually several common reasons why the trend is so quickly developed. Large companies launch a web site as an extra marketing channel to increase sales, but we don't actually have to sell anything to benefit from the internet. For example, I've learned that factories in different parts of the world use the internet to trade important information almost instantly. Overall, I learned that the internet is a form of competitive advantage that could be developed to safe and produce millions of dollars for companies who know how to properly take

Literature review on Wind power Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

On Wind power - Literature review Example ; (3) the power in the wind is proportional to the density of the air (Park, 1982). According to history, the practical use of wind power began with the Egyptians around 2800 BC when slaves were made to row overseas using sails which were further employed in lifting water and operating grain-grinding stones even to within the period when Persians built panemones or vertical-shaft windmills in 700 AD. Some other civilizations of the Middle East followed the same tradition whereas the Crusaders of the West are believed to have improved the windmill concept that led the Dutch to put up propeller-type windmills structured with horizontal shafts or axes of propulsion. Technical developments continued during the Middle Ages and comparative studies show aspects of similarity among windmills founded in British colonies, New England, and Holland which altogether bore significant impact in the construction of the widely known ‘American Farm Windmill’ which was invented by Daniel H alliday who, in the mid-19th century, thought of creating a multi-bladed (Panemone Bladed Rotor Wind Energy Harvester with 8 Airfoils) windmill. At the turn of the century, wind-produced electricity as well as wind-charger technology became popular, especially to the farmers of the Great Plains who necessitated up to 1,000 Watts of DC-power in their mechanically run farming tasks. Eventually, a number of countries in Europe were inspired to create wind generators of enormous size and both the French and the Germans attempted to conduct feasibility experimentation on 100-kW and 300-kW wind generator units in the 50s and the 60s. Through the years, the continuous process of harnessing wind power made possible not only D. Halliday’s multi-bladed craft but even the succeeding advancements in the iron water-pump industry which heightened the demand for wind-powered deep well pumps in the past. While the energy derived from the wind had been discovered with other chief potentials a s in heating houses and barns, running sawmills and washing machines, several Midwest farmers who already possessed gasoline or kerosene generators to charge batteries still sought the aid of wind power in minimizing troubles with wear-and-tear generators and in reducing costs of fuels used. Such capacities, however, depend upon the quantities of wind power in acquisition. In his findings, P.C. Putnam illustrates a method to approximate the amount of power which can be extracted from the wind and the means to locate wind power with considerations to the periodic fluctuations in wind power as well as its reliability and short-term predictability. The author regards the concepts of kinetics hereafter necessarily pointing out that, like the kinetic energy of any particle, the kinetic energy of the wind may be computed via half of its mass multiplied by the square of the wind velocity and in terms of the volume V of air passing over an area A per unit time, the wind’s kinetic ene rgy equals the product between wind density and (1/2)*AV 3. This is nevertheless

Cognitive behavioural therapy treatment for severe depression

Cognitive behavioural therapy treatment for severe depression The essay starts with a short definition of the term depression and continues with an abstract about the main basics of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for the treatment of depression. The focus is on CBT as it is practised according to Aaron Beck. Due to the shortness of the essay I decided to focus on Beck, rather than on the behavioural approach of Albert Ellis, although Ellis contributed a lot to CBT as it is practised today. Beck is especially useful for the theme of the essay because the treatment of depression was a lifelong focus in his therapeutic work. Most authors refer to him rather than Ellis. In the third part of the essay I want to discuss the benefits and limitations of CBT as a treatment for depression, comparing it with some ideas and strategies of Family Therapy and Hypnotherapy. What is Depression? The terms Depression and being depressed are very common and frequently used. We use them in every day life to express that we are unhappy, in a low mood, disappointed or feel a lack of energy. It seems as though every human being gets to know feelings of depression during his life time and it is within the human range of experiences to get through times of deep disheartenment. So, when does Depression becomes a serious disorder and reaches the state of an illness? The boundaries seem to be fluid, but the usual description of feelings, like being sad, anxious or desperate doesnt capture the depressive experience. It is often described as rather an absence of emotions, a total blankness. (Hell, 1992 p.61) Psychiatrists today mainly use the number of symptoms and the length of their appearance for the classification. According to the ICD-10 criteria, diagnosis of a depressive episode requires at least two, out of the following three core symptoms for most of the day, nearly every day, for a minimum of two weeks:  [1]   Low mood (feeling low, unhappy, sad or miserable) Fatigue (feeling tired or having little energy) Anhedonia (lack of interest or enjoyment in things) Whether a depressive episode is classified as mild, moderate or severe depends on the number of associated symptoms: Sleep disturbance Change in appetite and weight Anxiety Poor concentration and irritability Suicidal thoughts Feelings of guilt and worthlessness These symptoms may occur in a one-off episode (a major depressive episode), can recur more than once (a major depressive disorder) or be less severe but more persistent, which is then called dysthymia. The periodic appearance applies to 50% of the cases. (Hell, 2008 p.49) Depression is often associated with other disturbances such as addiction, anxiety, compulsive disorders or eating disorders. (Brunnhuber and Frauenknecht, 2005 p. 148) It can be masked by fatigue, insomnia, a burn out syndrome and can also appear in conjunction with a physical illness. In addition to the clinical definition of depression I would like to mention Dorothy Rowes assessment that people suffering from depression describe themselves as feeling trapped and isolated from the rest of the world. (1994, p.xxi) Not being in contact with others is in my eyes important because it has an major impact on therapy. The number of people being diagnosed with depression is still increasing. It is said that about 15-20% of the population is likely to suffer from a diagnosable depression once during his life time. Women are two to three times more likely to be diagnosed with depression than men. 15% of the people who have been treated in hospital because of depression, later commit suicide. (Brunnhuber and Frauenknecht, 2005 p.147) Despite a great deal of research there is still no evidence of a single cause for depression. Early life experiences, hereditary factors, social risk factors, a chemical disturbance in the brain, all are still said to contribute to the development of a depressive episode. Although I do not intend to address these theories in detail in this essay, the question what causes depression is vitally important to every school of psychotherapy in dealing with the problem. CBT as treatment for depression One reason for NHS to choose CBT as the favoured form of treatment is, that it has been subject to intensive scientific testing for many years and has been found as effective as antidepressant medication and other forms of therapy. (Mulhern et al., 2004 p.185) I dont want to challenge these results in my essay, instead want to understand how CBT works. The CBT explanation of depression derives from the work of Aaron Beck and focuses on the relationship between unhelpful thinking, emotions and behaviour. The proposition is, that negative early life experiences make some people vulnerable to depression, which can be activated later in life by stressful events. Our early experiences decide how we view ourselves, others and the world. The individual develops rules and compensatory assumptions, which have the function to prevent the activation of the negative and painful core beliefs. For example someone who grew up in a family without warmth and approval might have the core belief: Im unlovable. Over the years he might develop a rule, how to get the desired response from others: If I put the needs of others first, then they will love me. Beck called that type the sociotropic personality style, with a greater need to be accepted, placing their self-worth and individual needs after those of others. In contrast autonomous personality types place a greater value on independence and the achievement of individual goals. The autonomous personality may experience depression as a result of failure in achieving goals and external stressors like unemployment, debt, a failed exam etc. The sociotropic style will be vulnerable to depression when interpersonal relationships are threatened or lost. (Mulhern at al, 2004 pp. 184-5) The underlying psychological vulnerability is assessed by using different kinds of questions for detecting the core beliefs and negative automatic thoughts (e.g. Im not good enough). Automatic thoughts are usually outside the conscious attention of a person, but so familiar that they seem to be the ultimate truth. According to Beck it is not a negative event that causes depression, but the interpretation of the event, based on our core beliefs. After detecting the wrong beliefs the client learns to work out for himself, how these thoughts affect his feelings and behaviour. When insight in the mechanism is achieved, the therapist and client work collaboratively to change the dysfunctional thoughts. It is an essential part of the session to clarify the difference between feelings and thoughts. For example the client learns to say I think I am a bad person instead of I feel I am a bad person. CBT therapists have a circular understanding of the relationship between cognition, emotions and behaviour. For example cognitive processes can influence behaviour and feelings, and vice versa, changed behaviour can influence cognitions and feelings. As in other schools of Psychotherapy, warmth, genuineness and empathy are important components of the therapeutic relationship. But cognitive therapy does not use the relationship as the focus of therapy. The aim is to create a therapeutic milieu in which the specific cognitive techniques will be accepted by the client and can be applied most efficiently. (Beck et al, 1997 pp. 45-9) The therapist explains all techniques, how they work and their purpose. Beck uses the picture of two scientists observing the presented problem. Therapist and client are partners in the process of problem-solving. The therapist is directive in the beginning of the process, but the client is supposed to take more and more responsibility for developing his own strategies. Nevertheless there is always a script which leads through the session. The client shall remain emotionally independent from the therapist and the number of sessions is limited. NHS usually pays for 6-20 sessions of CBT, dependent on the severity of the depression. (NCHP, 2009 p.182) Beck himself worked with an average number of 15 sessions over an 11-week period. (Beck et al., 1979 pp. 104-5) The setting of homework is a key stage in CBT, which transfers the learning and changed behaviour into the clients every day life. It also activates the client and may give him first feelings of achieving something. Homework assignments are often presented in the form of behavioural experiments. The activation of the depressed client is one of the most important tasks in CBT. The client is monitoring his activities and rating them as to the pleasure he gets from them. The usual idea of the depressive client of doing and enjoying nothing at all can be altered into a more reasonable view. The patient becomes more sensitized to feelings of satisfaction and thus experience and recalls more pleasurable sensations. (Beck et al., 1979 p.125) The technique of activity scheduling is used to increase step by step the number of activities the client takes part in. Scheduling is also used for breaking down big tasks, which the client feels unable to work on, down into smaller bits and pieces. Rather than ruminating on the cause for the depression, monitoring and later changing thoughts, feelings and behaviour is the goal of therapy. The more objective data shall allow the client to get rid of his self-judgement and feelings of worthlessness. Discussion In the beginning I was really reluctant to write about CBT. It was never very appealing to me and I have no personal experience with it. The books I read seemed to be very schematic and strict, written without empathy and inspiring ideas, a bit too educational and directive. It was the CBT-Weekend at NCHP with Jeannie Bruce, which encouraged me to delve a bit deeper into the subject. Being such an enthusiastic and empathetic therapist, she convinced me that the techniques of CBT are working for people suffering from psychological problems like depression or anxiety. She uses Hypnotherapy as well and I think most CBT-therapists today use additional techniques and borrow from other therapeutic schools. This is probably one of the advantages of CBT today: The openness to integrate with whatever technique is useful for the client. To keep it manageable I want to stay close to the original theories of Aaron Beck about depression, when starting the discussion about the benefits and limitations.  [2]   CBT is not focusing on the cause of depression. The explanation why depression exists is more functional. A kind of protection, when we are in a high-stress environment, like a safety switch or fuse on an electrical circuit environment (Gilbert, 1993 p.33) or evolutionary: Go to the back of the cave and stay there until it is safe again (Gilbert, 1993 p.43) People suffering from depression tend to have a low self-esteem and are very self-critical. The client is supposed to learn, that with his continuous self criticism he is constantly stimulating his natural threat system. Through this permanent stress he is maintaining the depressive state, getting deeper and deeper into exhaustion and inactivity. With that explanation CBT focuses on how the client is maintaining his depression, rather than what causes it. The idea is offered that the individual, who usually feels powerless against the almighty depression, might still have some influence on it. The individual is taking more responsibility for changing his behaviour and thoughts and works his own way out of depression. If you want to bring a change as quickly as possible, this is probably a very straightforward and good approach. As a family therapist Im familiar and mostly agree, with the idea that for initiating a change, it is not necessary to go deeply into the causes of the pronou nced problem. Problems are best solved in the here and now. In Hypnopsychotherapy we use this approach as well. CBT assumes it is the clients thinking that produces his low feelings. Beck even calls it a thinking disorder (1979, p.14) I think this is a very simplistic idea, maybe too simplistic for the complex human psyche. Nevertheless it is true that the way we think can influence our feelings. And it is much easier to change willingly the way we think than the way we feel. Gaining back control will be a big relief. CBT claims, that this is more helpful and longer lasting than the relief a client may get from expressing his feelings. (Beck 1979, p.42) I do have a problem with telling people that what they are thinking and feeling is wrong. It sounds a bit contradictory to explain to someone that his belief that Im not ok, is not o.k. Can that unconsciously consolidate the core belief, Im not ok, despite consciously being trained to say Im a good person? Will stable self-esteem and valuation result from this message? Hypnotherapists believe that core beliefs exist mainly in the subconscious mind and need to be addressed there. Not in simply abandoning them, but in carefully changing them, displacing them step by step with new suggestions. I have more sympathy with an approach that accepts all feelings and thoughts as a part of the individual, and tries to integrate them, rather than declaring them simply wrong. I find CBT techniques helpful in breaking the vicious circle of withdrawal and inactivity, which maintains and even boost the low mood. Withdrawing from people, staying in bed and constantly ruminating would probably also depress a well balanced person. It is difficult to find a way out. With the direct approach to change behaviour CBT can be a useful emergency-tool to escape from the prison of depression. Nearly all experts agree that if client is suffering from a severe depression a therapeutic communication is quite difficult. To improve the mood in the first place is preferable. A CBT session is well structured and follows a fixed script. The script may keep a secure distance between therapist and client. The so called together as scientists approach, signals that the client isnt forced to engage deeply with the therapist. It might be wise not to focus on the therapeutic relationship if the client is deeply withdrawn and distrustful or scared of others. There is another benefit for the therapist. In my experience, working with people who are depressed may easily lead to an atmosphere of emptiness and hopelessness during the session, which could easily infect the therapist as well. If you have a fixed script to follow and concentrate on it, you may be able to avoid being stuck in a problem-trance.  [3]   From a more critical point of view I would like to ask what happens after the case of emergency is accommodated? The individual engages in activity again and is able to follow his everyday chores. Will the change last, if the underlying problems are not addressed? Is a long lasting effect possible without insight? Will the client be able to find more satisfaction in his relationships? There is no answer to the question whether the wrong thinking is really causing the depression or whether it is just the other way round: because the individual is depressed, his thinking is negative and irrational. If you see it as circular not linear, it does not matter from which side you approach the problem and initiate change. But for the individual whos looking for deeper insight into his problem this approach may be unsatisfying. In the view of CBT, depression is an unwanted experience. It causes suffering and therefore is to be eliminated. Other Psychologists were asking: Is there any sense in depression? For example Dorothy Rowe criticizes CBT for ignoring the major questions of life, which deserve to concern us: Why am I here? What is the purpose of life? What happens after death? (1994 p. xviii) The thinking about these questions makes us human beings. It could help the client to talk these through in Psychotherapy.  [4]  An existential fear of death for example, which can appear after an important loss and lead to depression can not simply be rationalised. In my eyes it must be taken seriously and addressed with respect and time. There may also be environmental or social circumstances, which may raise the question, whether it is not reasonable to be depressed and has nothing to do with wrong thinking at all. There is a strong connection between social problems like poverty, unemployment and social exclusion, and the appearance of depression.(Hell, 2008 pp.33-34) Acknowledging that distressing incidences can legitimately cause depression doesnt stop us from looking for solutions. I also have an objection to the way CBT deals with ambivalence. People are complex and able to think, feel and believe two opposite things at one and the same time. For example: Im a talented person and Im a failure. CBT is labelling the negative thinking as wrong and simply tries to eliminate it with changed cognitions, reality testing and training. As a future Hypnotherapist I know that the unconscious mind has many possibilities to store something away, and it might come up with the next challenge or disappointment again. It makes sense for me to address the negative thoughts directly in the unconscious state, rather than with rational techniques. Addressing the unconscious mind can be helpful, especially if we talk about the type of depression which seems to arise out of the nowhere, without an obvious cause. The unconscious mind might give us some answers about unfulfilled needs, hidden wishes and former painful experiences which may contribute to the state in which we are now. Schmidt points out, that it is often the attempt to eliminate ambivalences that leads into depression. The black and white thinking of the depressive individual may cause the trouble. (2004, p.284) Isnt the good and wrong labelling of thoughts and behaviour in CBT supporting this categorical thinking? Im a bit suspicious about the success rate in CBT, because depressed people are often described as being adaptive and well-behaving. (Linares and Campo, 2003 pp. 14-5) The moderate depressed client might follow the instructions and homework assignments willingly, holding back other feelings of anger and resistance. He is more likely to show guilt in case of a relapse and usually blames himself for it. While reading the CBT manuals for depression I sometimes think: That sounds like good parenting to me. For example, scheduling the day with your depressed client, advising him in detail how to start the day, brushing teeth, take a shower, have some breakfast, go to work. Depression is also described as a kind of regression and maybe CBT meets the need of a client to have a good and caring parent in therapy, as compensation for neglect in childhood.  [5]  This can heal a wound, but can also provoke being a good child again, pleasing others, adjusting to the tasks. Without question it depends on the quality of the therapist to recognize and address this. Another thing could be missed if the depressed client is characterized solely as someone with low self-esteem and a negative self-perception. This part of the personality shows up first and is presented quickly. In my eyes it is only one side of the coin. Unipolar depression occurs often later in life, when we realize that we didnt live up to our expectations and we see no solution for that. It is a time when we may have to say goodbye to dreams, fantasies and wishes which helped us to survive as a child and young person. I would always carefully explore whether there are hidden feelings of self-aggrandisement. Between the two poles of devaluation and delusions of grandeur the individual may oscillate. In that case depression could make sense to him as a reason for retaining his delusions of grandeur, and even as an excuse for why he is not able to live up to his (unreasonable) expectations. Depression may also protect us from making further decisions and taking full responsibility f or how we live. It could also simply be a break, for getting some rest and protecting the individual from his own excessive demands. It can transfer information about legitimate and so far neglected needs. (Schmidt, 2004 p.283-285) If depression is a kind of protection, the question should not be how to get rid of it as quickly as possible, but how to protect oneself in different ways, which causes less suffering. Another interesting idea I would carefully explore as a therapist is, whether the client has a problem with regulating closeness and distance. Depression can be a tool in keeping at a distance from other people. It can be a form of withdrawal into ones inner self, if we do not feel allowed to leave an unbearable situation, or to express our needs. Family therapy is looking for the sense in showing yourself depressed in connection with our environment. The assumption is that all human behaviour makes sense and all behaviour is communication. Because it is impossible not to communicate, even a behaviour which consists of withdrawal and bleak silence (how the depressive person is often presenting himself ) is communication. It is a message to the people around and provokes reactions. Depression arises in our relationships. It is not a process inside the individual, but a symptom in the communication between two or more people. Although it appears to be dysfunctional there is an underlyi ng intention for the behaviour. Eliminating the depressive symptoms as quickly as possible could be overhasty, if you dont respect their meaning and function first. The development of other strategies and an improvement in communication would be the prior goals. I find this approach helpful, when the depressed person is living in a constant relationship and obviously the depression interferes with the partner or the whole family.  [6]   Depression is a very complex psychological problem and I hope I was able to show a variety of reasonable approaches and theories which are all based on practical therapeutic experiences and research. Probably no two depressions are the same and every case needs to be explored carefully. As it is such a complex theme, it is a loss that the NHS, mainly for economic reasons, decided to promote CBT as the only treatment of choice. One suits all, that is wishful thinking. There are much more helpful and interesting strategies which would be worth a try. One client may want a quick fix only, another may want to explore the underlying causes and a third may respond to hypnosis rather than to rational approaches. At this moment, we are far from having found the one and only treatment for depression. Working with depressed people is probably one of the biggest challenges as a therapist. If we have in mind the high number of recurrent depressions it might be more economic to pay once for an individualised therapy than for the short term and relatively cheap CBT, as a treatment for all. Words: 3804

Capital Punishment Is A Deterrent To Crime Essay -- Pro-Death Penalty

Capital Punishment has ended the lives of criminals for centuries. People have debated whether the government should have the power to decide one person’s life. On one side, people think the government does not have the right to play God as well as believe that the death penalty is simply unethical. Forty-eight percent of a half sample survey stated that life imprisonment was a better punishment for murder while forty-seven percent stated that capital punishment was a better punishment (Newport). However, capital punishment should be enforced throughout the country to help deter crime, benefit the economy, and ensures retribution. The one thing that people fear the most is death. Nothing deters anyone, including criminals, more than their biggest fear. Most cases show that death is always more feared than life imprisonment (Haag). Additionally, once the murderer has been executed, the sensation he or she gets from committing crimes will become nonexistent. Evidence shows that most of the prisoners who were administered the opportunity to start life over and be emancipated from prison early or managed to escape, in the long run, started killing innocent people eventually. Professor Paul Cassell did a study of one hundred sixty-four Georgia murderers, and of those one hundred sixty-four murderers, eight of them had committed consequential murders in the next seven years of their release (â€Å"Morally Defensible?†). Since 1935, the rate of murder has been steadily decreasing. However, it had escalated immensely after the Supreme Court began to, on a routine basis, make the state death penalty null and void, starting in 1963. With the discontinuation of capital punishment, murders and homicides quickly rose to outland... ...n?url=http://www.credoreference.com/entry/abchri/capital_punishment>. "The Death Penalty: Morally Defensible?" Casey's Critical Thinking. Web. 04 May 2012. . Hennessy-Fiske, Molly. Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 24 Feb. 2012. Web. 04 May 2012. . "Sixty-Nine Percent of Americans Support Death Penalty." Web. 04 May 2012. . "Top 10 Pros and Cons - Death Penalty - ProCon.org." Death Penalty ProCon.org. Web. 04 May 2012. . Tucker, William. "Capital Punishment Works." Weekly Standard. Web. . Capital Punishment Is A Deterrent To Crime Essay -- Pro-Death Penalty Capital Punishment has ended the lives of criminals for centuries. People have debated whether the government should have the power to decide one person’s life. On one side, people think the government does not have the right to play God as well as believe that the death penalty is simply unethical. Forty-eight percent of a half sample survey stated that life imprisonment was a better punishment for murder while forty-seven percent stated that capital punishment was a better punishment (Newport). However, capital punishment should be enforced throughout the country to help deter crime, benefit the economy, and ensures retribution. The one thing that people fear the most is death. Nothing deters anyone, including criminals, more than their biggest fear. Most cases show that death is always more feared than life imprisonment (Haag). Additionally, once the murderer has been executed, the sensation he or she gets from committing crimes will become nonexistent. Evidence shows that most of the prisoners who were administered the opportunity to start life over and be emancipated from prison early or managed to escape, in the long run, started killing innocent people eventually. Professor Paul Cassell did a study of one hundred sixty-four Georgia murderers, and of those one hundred sixty-four murderers, eight of them had committed consequential murders in the next seven years of their release (â€Å"Morally Defensible?†). Since 1935, the rate of murder has been steadily decreasing. However, it had escalated immensely after the Supreme Court began to, on a routine basis, make the state death penalty null and void, starting in 1963. With the discontinuation of capital punishment, murders and homicides quickly rose to outland... ...n?url=http://www.credoreference.com/entry/abchri/capital_punishment>. "The Death Penalty: Morally Defensible?" Casey's Critical Thinking. Web. 04 May 2012. . Hennessy-Fiske, Molly. Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 24 Feb. 2012. Web. 04 May 2012. . "Sixty-Nine Percent of Americans Support Death Penalty." Web. 04 May 2012. . "Top 10 Pros and Cons - Death Penalty - ProCon.org." Death Penalty ProCon.org. Web. 04 May 2012. . Tucker, William. "Capital Punishment Works." Weekly Standard. Web. .

Persuasive Essay- Ipads in Kindergarten Essay

In 2011, ten years after Maine began issuing laptops to all seventh graders, the Auburn School System launched an initiative to provide an iPad 2 for each of its students entering kindergarten. At a cost of roughly $200,000- representing a 5% increase in the school budget (Opinions Divided†¦) some taxpayers were less than pleased- calling it a complete waste of money. But in Auburn- and schools around the country- trends are emerging and showing the iPad to be a powerful learning tool and a necessary investment in our children’s future. For over a decade, Maine has been at the forefront of integrating technology into public schools and there is no reason to stop now. Despite the high cost to institute this program, Auburn should continue to provide iPads to students entering kindergarten. Auburn is not alone in providing iPads to kindergarteners. In fact, kindergarten students in Maine, Tennessee, and South Carolina have received iPads to supplement their teacher’s instruction. While the iPad cannot replace the human interaction of a teacher, it is a great addition to the classroom, at a time when the teacher to student ratio keeps getting larger and larger. Laura Shaw, principal of Sherwood Heights School recently said, â€Å"When you have eighteen kids in the classroom and you see ten kids, hands raised up, the teacher does her best to get around. But sometimes with the iPads and certain apps the kids get immediate feedback. They know what they’ve done is correct and they can move on, or they know ‘Oh, I need to ask for help,’† (Porter). For example, a child can play â€Å"Feed the Hippos Hot Peppers. † In this app the child counts aloud while feeding the hippo. The teacher can adjust the app difficulty to â€Å"count† or â€Å"add† peppers, depending on the child’s capabilities. When the child answers the problem correctly, the iPad responds with a round of applause; an immediate cue to the child that they were correct (Lemeshow). Initially, Auburn Schools split the children into two groups when first issuing the iPads in 2011. Half of the children received iPads during the first week of school, the other half received their iPads in mid-November; effectively creating a control group to gage learning. Although the study lasted just 9 weeks, the results were promising. When tested, students who received their iPads in the first week of school scored higher in 9 out of 10 areas, compared with children who did not. One area in particular really stood out: recognizing sounds and writing letters. Kindergartners with iPads gained 13. 72 points, compared to an 11. 58-point gain for students who did not have iPads. That difference is significant, said Mike Muir, the Multiple Pathways leader for Auburn schools (Auburn Report: iPads). When pupils use iPads, more learning does not seem like a far stretch. With 100’s of learning apps available for download, teachers are able to customize the iPad and tailor the lesson to the individual child’s needs. This way, advanced children can reach their highest potential without becoming bored while the rest of the class catches up. On the other side, if one or two children are struggling, the rest of the class can move on, while the child receives the help she needs. Sherwood Heights Elementary School kindergarten teacher Susan Lemeshow called the iPads â€Å"one of the most powerful teaching tools I’ve ever used. †¦ I can put her on one book, her on a different level book,† she said of two girls in her class. Pupils are doing the same lesson, â€Å"but at the level they need,† she said (Report Say Giving†¦). So what is the problem? Those who oppose the program site the cost- around $800 per student entering kindergarten- as a major issue and wonder if a kindergartener is responsible enough to handle such an expensive piece of equipment. Others worry children may not learn to read and write properly. Auburn hopes the high level of testing done in the beginning of the school year will line them up for educational grants to relieve taxpayers of the burden from having to foot the bill. At the end of the year, the school system will also be able to compare this year’s kindergarten to previous years, with hopes of even better results. Regarding concerns of the students learning to write, it is important for people to understand that children are not using the iPads all day. The use of iPads is balanced. Students are still using crayons, markers, and traditional books. They are still learning how to hold pencils or crayons, and how to write (3 Auburn Teachers†¦). The iPads are a â€Å"center-based† activity with the children using them in 15-minute increments 2 to 3 times per day. Each iPad has a protective case, and students are not allowed to bring them home (Lemeshow). Providing iPads to students as an educational tool is invaluable. With the iPads children have become excited about learning. â€Å"We are seeing high levels of student motivation, engagement and learning in the iPad classrooms,† said Sue Dorris, Principal of East Auburn School (NooNoo). Children born in today’s world grow up bombarded by technology in every aspect of their lives- except school- so an iPad as a learning tool is appealing to them. It really gets their attention and keeps them engaged. The results are more learning and better test scores. With technology always evolving, newer apps, and programs, the possibilities really are endless. Auburn’s plan is to purchase and iPad for each new pupil entering kindergarten. The iPad will stay with the student from kindergarten through 6th grade. With this plan Auburn hopes to have an iPad in the hands of every elementary student in the district by 2017. If every student is equipped with an iPad, the world of digital text books emerges- which could amount to huge savings. In this digital world, it is not really a question of if we can afford this; but more a question of if we can afford not to? Works Cited Lemeshow, Susan. Telephone interview. 27 Apr. 2012. NooNoo, Stephen, ed. â€Å"Kindergarten iPad Initiative Reveals Modest Literacy Gains. † T. H. E. Journal. 1105 Media, Inc. , 2012. Web. 29 Apr. 2012. . Porter, Tim. â€Å"A School System in Maine Gives iPads to Kindergartners. † Voice of America. N. p. , 23 Nov. 2011. Web. 28 Apr. 2012. . Washuk, Bonnie. â€Å"Auburn Report: iPads Help Kindergartners’ Learn. † McClatchy – Tribune Business News (Feb. 2012): n. pag. ProQuest Central K12. Web. 28 Apr. 2012. . – – -. â€Å"Opinions Divided Over iPads for Auburn Kindergartners. † Sun Journal [Lewiston, Maine] 8 Apr. 2011, Lewiston-Auburn ed. : n. pag. Sun Journal. Web. 28 Apr. 2012. . – – -. â€Å"Report Says Giving iPads to Auburn Kindergartners Increases Test Scores. † Bangor Daily News 16 Feb. 2012: n. pag. BangorDailyNews. Com. Web. 28 Apr. 2012. . – – -. â€Å"3 Auburn Teachers Give iPads High Grade. † Sun Journal [Lewiston, Me. ] 20 Oct. 2011.

Essay on Creative Writing My First Battle as an Ancient...

Hanging just above the horizon like a hot medallion, the blazing eager sunlight outshone at my army. Its golden light reflected my sword turning it pale orange from white. The gold tips on our battle flag looked like it was on fire. They were bearing the crest of our lord. The metal armor laced together with cords of brilliant hues. The tension in the air was palpable and the horses champed nervously at the bits of their bridles. My ferocious iron mask was covering my face, but I still could feel rivulets of sweat cascading down my face. Standing still like s statue, I was rooted to the spot. The air around me felt heavy and unfamiliar. Everything was quiet and calm right now, but I knew that the danger would be started in a moment.†¦show more content†¦I was able to see the burning determination to kill in the enemy?s eyes. Vivid colors of weapons and flags stood out. The flags were billowed hardly in the crisp morning air. As I surveyed our army, I could see calm faces, wh ich seemed to be hiding their inside feelings. The nervous horses were scraping the ground with hooves and the majestic horses were restless and neighed loudly. Calm yet alert, we waited them to come closer. I clenched my fist and got ready for my first battle. As the rising sun washed the field with a pale orange glow, both side left pother of dust behind and went toward the battle line. The mounted archers faded one other in the noisy battle lines. As an arrow got fired, the screaming of a horse yelled out. Both sides of the warlords were great. Our warlord?s crescent helmet glistered brilliantly. Swords clashing sound, armors clamming and the dying sound were injuring my two ears. All I did was running through, wielding my sword and screaming on top of my lungs. Even if I looked stupid and weird, it was very effective. The crows screeched eerily which seemed to be telling me the danger ahead. 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